Thursday, May 7, 2009

Housing in Japan

I want to introduct something about .

This building is public housing provided by the government of Tokyo.

A house with an old-style thatched roof near Mount Mitake, Tokyo.
Housing in Japan includes modern and traditional styles. Two patterns of residences are predominant in contemporary Japan: the single-family detached house and the multiple-unit building, either owned by an individual or corporation and rented as apartments to tenants, or owned by occupants. In Japan, multiple-unit blocks are referred to as one of two types: 1) Apaato (?????older buildings, which are usually only a few stories in height, without a central secure entrance 2) Manshon (?????) modern buildings with multiple floors, elevators, and a communal secure gate, with centralised postboxes; they are usually more sturdily built than aparto, normally of reinforced concrete (RC) construction[1]. Additional kinds of housing, especially for unmarried people, include boarding houses (which are popular among college students), dormitories (common in companies), and barracks (for members of the Self-Defense Forces, police and some other public employees).
Contents
1 Housing statistics
2 Interior design
2.1 Traditional homes
2.2 Modern homes
2.3 Genkan
2.4 Toilet
2.5 Kitchen
2.6 Bathroom
2.7 Washitsu
2.8 One room mansion
3 Utilities
3.1 Heating
3.2 Electricity
3.3 Security
4 Automobiles
5 Construction
5.1 Construction materials
5.2 Housing regulations
6 Living patterns
7 Home ownership
8 Home and apartment rental
8.1 Guest Houses
9 Company housing
10 Traditional housing
11 Homelessness
12 References
13 See also
14 External links
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Housing statistics
Figures from the 2003 Housing and Land Survey conducted by the Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications indicate that Japan had 53,891,000 housing units at the time. Of these, 46,863,000 (87.0%) were occupied and 7,028,000 (13.0%) unoccupied. Of the occupied units, 28,666,000 (61.2%) were owned by the resident household, 45,258,000 units (96.6%) were used exclusively for living and 1,605,000 units (3.4%) were used both for living and commercial purposes. The average number of rooms per unit of housing was 4.77, the average total floor area in was 94.85square meters (28.69 tsubo; 1,021.0sqft) and the average number of people per room was 0.56.[2] Of the units used exclusively for living, 10,893,000 (24.1%) were equipped with an automatic smoke detector. As of 2003, 17,180,000 housing units (36.7%) are classified by the Japan Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communication as being located in urban areas while 27,553,000 housing units (58.8%) are located in rural areas [3]
Interior design
Traditional homes
Traditional Japanese housing does not have a designated utility for each room aside from the entrance area (genkan, ??), kitchen, bathroom, and toilet. Any room can be a living room, dining room, study, or bedroom. This is possible because all the necessary furniture is portable, being stored in oshiire, a small section of the house used for storage. It is important to note that in Japanese, living room is expressed as i-ma, living "space". This is because the size of a room can be changed by altering the partitioning. Large traditional houses often have only one ima (living room/space) under the roof, while kitchen, bathroom, and toilet are attached on the side of the house as extensions.
Somewhat similar to modern offices, partitions within the house are created by fusuma, sliding doors made from wood and paper, which are portable and easily removed. Fusuma seal each partition from top to bottom so it can create a mini room within the house. On the edge of a house are r?ka, wooden floored passages, that are similar to hallways. R?ka and ima are partitioned by sh?ji, sliding and portable doors that are also made from paper and wood. Unlike fusuma, paper used for sh?ji are very thin so outside light can pass through into the house. This was before glass was used for sliding doors. R?ka and outside of the house are either partitioned by walls or portable wooden boards that are used to seal the house at night. Extended roofs protect the r?ka from getting wet when it rains, except during typhoon season where the house gets sealed completely. Roofs of traditional houses in Japan are made of wood and clay, with tiles or thatched areas on top.
For large gatherings, these partitions are removed to create one large meeting room. During a normal day, partitions can create much smaller and more manageable living spaces. Therefore, kitchen, bathroom, toilet, and genkan with one multipurpose living space create one complete Japanese housing unit. However, the bathroom, toilet, and even kitchen can be communal. (See Sent?.) Therefore, the minimum...(and so on) To get More information , you can visit some products about multi mode attenuator, nightlight pest repeller, . The products should be show more here!

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